Notes from a discussion with Steve Brewis on the Viable System Model (VSM)

Open Thinkering MSc Systems Thinking, Systems Thinking, TB871, Stephen Brewis

Earlier this week, I had an enlightening discussion with Stephen (‘Steve’) Brewis, a systems thinker who knew Stafford Beer. I’d been introduced to Steve (who only lives 12 miles away from me!) by Pauline Roberts, my OU tutor, and fellow north-easterner.

Below are the key points and concepts we covered relating to the VSM and more!

  • Judea Pearl:

  • Markov Blanket: A concept in probabilistic graphical models that encapsulates the set of variables shielding a subset of variables from the rest of the network.

  • Causal Reasoning: Modelling causal relationships to predict and influence outcomes effectively.

  • Karl Friston:

  • Free Energy Principle: Biological systems maintain their states by minimising the difference between predicted and actual sensory inputs, a principle applicable to organisational systems for reducing uncertainty and adapting effectively.

  • Viable System Model (VSM):

  • Adaptation and Recursion: Helps organisations adapt to their environments through recursive structures, with each level representing a viable system that operates independently while being part of a larger system.

  • Resource Bargain: Negotiation of resources between different parts of the system (System 3 and System 1) to maintain balance and functionality.

  • Causal Planning vs. Feedback Models:

  • Causal Planning: Creating plans based on anticipated outcomes.

  • Feedback Models: Using feedback to adjust plans dynamically, promoting learning and adaptation rather than adhering to static plans.

  • Snowflake representation:

  • Unlike the traditional VSM diagram, this allows representation beyond two levels of recursion, allowing a more comprehensive visualisation that grows outward from the centre. (Note: I’m going to try and use this in upcoming MSc work)

  • Play as a Variety Amplifier:

  • Engaging with data in a relaxed, creative manner facilitates innovative problem-solving and adaptation. Mandatory play can stifle creativity, highlighting the need for voluntary and spontaneous engagement.

  • Triune Brain Theory

  • Paul D. MacLean divided the brain into three parts (reptilian, limbic, and neocortex), which was used by Stafford Beer to model different functional parts of an organisation.

  • Vagus Nerve:

  • Plays a vital role in maintaining homeostasis through complex communication networks. In VSM, it metaphorically represents the interconnectedness and communication pathways necessary for system viability.

  • The snowflake model’s many touchpoints allow for multi-faceted perspectives and complex interactions, enhancing adaptability and resilience.

  • Hologram and Predictive Models:

  • Using holograms with reference and object beams relates to creating comprehensive predictive models that handle surprise and adapt accordingly. (Note: I didn’t fully understand what Steve was talking about here, so will ask next time we meet)